Price De-Capping of Milk and Meat in Punjab, Pakistan: Social and Economic Implications
Keywords:
Price De-Capping, Pakistan, social and economic implications, meat, milkAbstract
The research should be considered as an introductory case study based upon review of selected literature, field observations and participant interviews to highlight the importance of de-capping of the prices of meat and milk in Pakistan and to discuss the implications of the decision for the livestock sector, food security and economy of Pakistan. Livestock, a sub-sector of agriculture, provides us with meat and milk which are essential components of human diet. Human beings obtain 34 percent of protein and 18 percent of dietary energy from meat and milk. Livestock sector has the potential to play a vital role in economic development, food security and rural socio-economic uplift of the country.
Downloads
References
Aujla, S. L. (2018). Supply Projections for beef by the year 2030 AD. Pure and applied biology, 7(2), 470-475.
Capper, C. B. (2009). The environmental impact of dairy production: 1944 compared with 2007. Journal of Animal Science, 87(6), 2160-2167.
Chattha, F. B. (2013). Production and Supply Response of Milk in Pakistan: Price and Nonprice Determinants. International Journal Of Agriculture And Biology, 1-5.
Grossman. (1973). Wage and Price Controls during the American Revolution. Monthly Labor Review, 96(9), 3-10.
Kovacic. (2020). Designing and Implementing Competition and Consumer Protection Reforms in Transitional Economies: Perspectives from Mongolia, Nepal, Ukraine, and Zimbabwe. 1197-1224.
Leffler. (1982). Ambiguous changes in product quality. The American Economic Review, 72(5), 956-967.
Morton. (2001). The Problems of Price Controls. Regulations, 50-54.
Murphy, P. S. (2019). Measuring the effects of price controls using mixed complementarity models. European Journal of Operational Research, 275(2), 666-676.
Newfarmer, P. (2015). Trade in Zimbabwe Changing Incentives to Enhance Competitiveness. Washington DC: World Bank.
Pakistan Economic Survey. (2018) Ministry of Finance and Economic Affairs, Government of Pakistan, Islamabad.
Pakistan Economic Survey. (2020) Ministry of Finance and Economic Affairs, Government of Pakistan, Islamabad.
Randhawa, M. S. (2018). Growth Performance of Meat Production and Export Pakistan: an analysis. The Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences, 28(3), 883-888.
Price De-Capping of Milk and Meat in Punjab, Pakistan: Social and Economic Implications
98
Sadiq. (2004). Pakistan poultry sector still on an upward swing. World Poultry, 20(8).
Sarwar, A. (2020). Pakistan Meat Exports: Strategizing Productivity Enhancement. A Policy Paper. Saudi Journal of Business and Management Studies, 561-567.
Verme, A. (2017). The Quest for Subsidy Reforms in the Middle East and North Africa Region. Washington DC: World Bank .
Websites
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/650471515671808482/Strengthening-markets-for-agriculture-and-rural-transformation-in-Punjab-SMART-Punjab-PforR-technical-assessment. (Accessed November 1,2020)
http://www.fao.org/ag/againfo/themes/en/meat/quality_meat.html (Accessed January 19, 2021).
http://www.fao.org/dairy-production-products/production/en/. (Accessed January 16, 2021).
https://92newshd.tv/milk-price-fixed-rs-94-per-liter-karachi (accessed December 28, 2020).
https://dailytimes.com.pk/19634/pakistan-can-earn-over-30b-from-exports-of-dairy-products-milk/ (Accessed January 20, 2021).
https://dailytimes.com.pk/230162/pakistan-daal-consumption-declines-sharply-as-meat-consumption-rises/. (Accessed December 1, 2020).
https://dairy-cattle.extension.org/how-much-milk-does-the-average-dairy-cow-produce-in-a-year/. (Accessed November 30, 2020).
https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/735161586781898890/pdf/Price-Controls-Good-Intentions-Bad-Outcomes.pdf. (Accessed December 2, 2020).
https://edition.cnn.com/2013/12/18/world/meast/milking-the-desert-saudi-dairy-farms/index.html. (Accessed December1, 2020).
Pakistan Administration, July 2021
99
https://expertworldtravel.com/japans-finest-most-expensive-beef/. (Accessed December11, 2020).
https://fee.org/articles/the-threat-of-wage-and-price-controls/. (Accessed November 28, 2020).
https://mettisglobal.news/pakistans-share-in-global-halal-trade-merely-0-25. (Accessed November12, 2020).
https://paycheck.pk/labour-laws/wages-work (Accessed November 30, 2020).
https://paycheck.pk/salary/minimum-wages/168-punjab/1097-printing-and-publication. (Accessed December 26, 2020).
https://projects.worldbank.org/en/projects-operations/project-detail/P162446. (Accessed November 29, 2020).
https://tradingeconomics.com/pakistan/rural-population-percent-of-total-population-wb-data.html#. (Accessed November 29, 2020).
https://www.abc.net.au/news/science/2018-06-19/dr-karl-a1-vs-a2-milk/9879800 (Accessed January20, 2021).
https://www.agriculture.gov.au/abares/research-topics/agricultural-outlook/dairy (Accessed December 28, 2020).
https://www.ams.usda.gov/sites/default/files/media/RetailMilkPrices2019.pdf (Accessed December 28, 2020).
https://www.dairyaustralia.com.au/industry-statistics/milk-processing-overview/milk/yield#. (Accessed November 30, 2020).
https://www.dairymoos.com/how-much-milk-do-cows-give/. (Accessed November 30, 2020).
https://www.dawn.com/news/1562879/no-change-in-population-of-camels-horses-and-mules (Accessed December 1, 2020).
Price De-Capping of Milk and Meat in Punjab, Pakistan: Social and Economic Implications
100
https://www.dol.gov/general/topic/wages/minimumwage. (Accessed December26, 2020).
https://www.employment.govt.nz/#gref. (Accessed December26, 2020).
https://www.expatistan.com/price/milk/auckland# (Accessed December 28, 2020).
https://www.fairwork.gov.au/pay/minimum-wages. (Accessed December 26, 2020).
https://www.fao.org/3/a-al750e.pdf. (Accessed November 29, 2020).
https://www.fao.org/3/t1265e/t1270e03.htm#. (Accessed November 30, 2020).
https://www.fao.org/sustainability/news/detail/en/c/1272556/. (Accessed November 8, 2020).
https://www.fao.org/tempref/docrep/fao/012/i0753e/i0753e.pdf. (Accessed November 29, 2020).
https://www.finance.gov.pk/survey/chapter_20/02_Agriculture.pdf (Accessed November 21, 2020).
https://www.finance.gov.pk/survey_1920.html. (Accessed December 10, 2020).
https://www.foodsource.org.uk/building-blocks/what-feed-food-competition (Accessed November18, 2020).
https://www.globaltrademag.com/asias-milk-production-is-expected-to-increase-by-2-in-2020/ (Accessed January19, 2021).
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/historical-statistics-notices-on-uk-milk-prices-and-composition-of- milk-2020/ (Accessed December 28, 2020).
https://www.gov.uk/national-minimum-wage-rates. (Accessed 26 December, 2020).
https://www.heritage.org/environment/commentary/the-folly-price-controls# (Accessed 28 November, 2020).
Pakistan Administration, July 2021
101
https://www.indexbox.io/store/world-milk-market-report-analysis-and-forecast-to-2020/ (Accessed January 17, 2021).
https://www.indexmundi.com/commodities/?commodity=beef&months=120¤cy=nzd (Accessed January 20, 2021).
https://www.lic.co.nz/news/more-milk-cow-fewer-cows-latest-dairy-stats/#. (Accessed November 29, 2020).
https://www.mla.com.au/prices-markets/ (Accessed December 28, 2020).
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7153313/#. (Accessed December1, 2020).
https://www.oecd.org/naec/complexity_and_policymaking.pdf. (Accessed November 29, 2020).
https://www.oie.int/doc/ged/D10905.PDF. (Accessed January 19, 2021).
https://www.oie.int/fileadmin/Home/eng/Health_standards/tahc/2016/en_chapitre_zoning_compartment.htm (Accessed January 20, 2021).
https://www.riazhaq.com/2016/06/is-chicken-really-more-affordable-than.html. (Accessed November 22, 2020).
https://www.statista.com/statistics/297949/average-beef-farm-price-per-kg-in-the-united-kingdom-uk/. (Accessed January 19, 2021).
https://www.statista.com/statistics/298759/average-milk-yield-in-the-united-kingdom-uk/. (Accessed November 30, 2020).
https://www.statista.com/statistics/675826/average-prices-meat-beef-worldwide/# (Accessed January 19, 2021).
https://www.tbs-sct.gc.ca/cee/tools-outils/aucoin-eng.asp (Accessed November 19, 2020).
https://www.urdupoint.com/daily-prices/2/beef-kg-prices-in-tehsil-lahore-city.html (Accessed January 20, 2021).
Price De-Capping of Milk and Meat in Punjab, Pakistan: Social and Economic Implications
102
https://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/Publications/PDF/te_1495_web.pdf. (Accessed November 30, 2020).
Interviews
Dr. Abdul Karim Bhatti, Director, Big Bird Group of Companies, Ex-Chairman Pakistan Poultry Association North Zone.
Dr. Muhammad Afzal, TI, FMD Management Specialist FAO-Pakistan, Islamabad.
Prof. Talat Naseer Pasha, Former Vice Chancellor, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore.
